For a full list on how to use conifer needles, see my post on 30+ Conifer Needle Recipes. Juniper trees (Juniperus spp.) There is some rationale for this, as the pine family is the largest conifer family and what we call pines, firs and spruces are all pine family members. May I please have an e-mail address. It turned out to be some kind of tiny spider, as I recall. Compare; Find My Store. If you want a more traditional spruce tree shape, consider a cultivar like Picea pungens 'Fat Albert', which has the cone-shape that most people associate with conifers, albeit in a much smaller size than the native behemoths. These buds are one good way to identify Douglas-fir. Thank you. The seeds are small and winged. If you want to learn more about the edible and medicinal weeds that surround us and how to use them, check out my eBook: Wildcrafting Weeds: 20 Easy to Forage Edible and Medicinal Plants (that might be growing in your backyard)! A lattice braced spruce top will sound quite different from a fan braced spruce top, and both of these will sound distinctly different from a double-top cedar guitar. A young pine (not a spruce!). Spruce cones hang downwards, and have thin scales and a smooth, somewhat flexible shape. If 'Skylands' gets too big for your garden, there is a select "Skylands seedling" called 'Firefly' that displays the same golden foliage, but grows more slowly and stays smaller. Hopefully it has come back & is doing well. Photo by Matt Suwak. Pine leaves are acicular (long, needle-like) and spruce and fir leaves are linear. I have a picture of a very old / large spruce tree I'd like to identify. Weeping specimens add a different dimension to the landscape. Pine Trees. The new growth on Picea abies 'Rubra Spicata' is rosy and then matures to green: There are also many weeping Norway spruces. found in maine. True pine trees will have needles in clusters of two, three, or five. Join the ACS to support our scholarships, grants, conservation efforts, and hang out with the Coneheads. Very interesting and informative site, well done! Old trees are very recognizable by the long, weeping branches hanging from the main horizontal limbs. I’m going to go over the most commonly found conifer families and species that are used for edible and medicinal purposes, and how to identify them. They are also common in yards and parks as an ornamental landscaping plant in North America and other regions. There are around ten species of hemlock, with the most common in the United States and Canada being: Cedars cause a bit of confusion because there are several conifer genera and species that use the common name “cedar,” but they aren’t all true cedars. Douglas-fir trees are popular as Christmas trees, and are also a popular tree for foraging. Redwoods and sequoias are very large trees with thick reddish bark and small cones. New growth spruce tips form in the spring and are a popular foraged food item. have needles that attach to the branch by a base that looks like a tiny suction cup. Mature cones can be brown, blue, purple, or black in color, depending on the species. Spruce also tends to project sound in a way that is more linear, as opposed to cedar which has a tendency to “radiate” sound. Some also have golden needles, such as Picea abies 'Aurea Magnifica'. They have short and flat needles at the base of the tree, becoming more scale-like towards the top of the tree. How to Identify Conifer Trees: Pine, Fir, Spruce, Juniper & More, May contain affiliate links or sponsored content. He was on the search for a tree to plant in the front yard, and after a bit of hunting he found the one he wanted. 2 weeks? Janka hardness. Make sure that any evergreen conifer tree that you are foraging for edible or medicinal uses is NOT in the Yew family! Doug Fir not a real Fir? The berries are astringent, antiseptic, antiviral, and diuretic, making them beneficial for the kidneys and urinary tract. You should have a picture showing the different needles you are talking about not just a description. Such a great post. They have many benefits, and all parts of the tree have edible and medicinal uses, including the needles, bark, and resin. This is usually the best way to identify them. Spruce trees are coniferous evergreens. Cedar bears a distinct, pleasant odor and is slightly more porous, which may contribute to a faster responding sound. The needles on all others are turning brown and falling off like the one that had died. I want to inspire you to live seasonally, become more self sufficient, and protect your health. I had a tree that looked like something was burning it and drying it out. I really appreciate you putting everything together in an easy to understand way. I like (Birds too) my trees and can't afford to replace them. The underside of the needles of some hemlock species have two white lines. Imagine how many other lovelies are lurking in this genus. Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana) is actually a juniper and not a cedar or arborvitae. Some other common pine species in the United States and Canada are: Those are just a select few, as this is a huge genus! There are many species of conifers within several families. 5.5-Gallon Colorado Blue Spruce Feature Tree in Pot (L3937) Item #214036. Picea orientalis 'Skylands' is another oriental spruce tree; its distinctive feature is its lovely golden foliage. Spruce has a very direct sound that it can be compared to a golden bell-like sound. You can unsubscribe at any time. Spruce trees (Picea spp.) And those seed cones! naturally occur in northern California and Oregon, with another species that grows in China. Its Latin name means “false hemlock,” so it’s not a hemlock tree either, but its own genus all together. The Blue Spruce is a very pretty blue-green color. Although cedar wood is popular in North America, pine, spruce and hemlock are also used, and they often cost less than cedar. Learned SO much from this! Learn more. Coast redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens) grow natively on the northern Californian and southern Oregon coast. Spruce trees grow in a similar shape to fir trees and they are difficult to identify by shape alone. Another very common spruce is the Norway spruce, or Picea abies. Both trees are evergreen conifers, which means that they will have needles all year long. Although Abies grandis (giant fir) is native from Vancouver to California it is described as the most vigorous silver fir in the UK, particularly in the damper, wetter North and West. This species is known as the Deodar cedar, deodar, and the Himalayan cedar. They have been traditionally used to make tea, but are high in thujones which can be toxic in large doses. Juniper berries are generally edible and used as a spice or in making gin, but some species have mildly toxic berries. These are all conifers which are usually referred as “Christmas trees”. Many of them can be used interchangeably in recipes, as they have similar benefits. Most species of Yews have red berries that have edible flesh, but the seed inside is deadly toxic. Thank you, Colleen! I had no further information, and now this. 9. And what are 10 of the most interesting types of spruce trees for the home garden and landscape? When talking about the needles as an ex. Posted at 18:16h in Guides by paul. for pricing and availability. It originated as a witch's broom (bud mutation) on Picea abies 'Acrocona', another lovely spruce. Otherwise a tree nursery might help you. Other true cedars include the cedar of Lebanon (Cedrus libani) and the Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica), which comes in a weeping form. are also commonly known as cedar, but they are not the same a true cedars. However, there are many more factors that contribute to the overall sound of the guitar. have four sided needles that attach to a small peg on the branch. 2.Cedar wood is decay and rot resistant while spruce wood does not have this property. Cypress belongs to the family cupressaceae. The bark of most pine trees is thick and scaly, but in some species it is thin and flaky. It got the name “hemlock” because it smells similar to poison hemlock when the needles are crushed, but the species are entirely unrelated. Aborvitae have a lot of medicinal benefits, being antimicrobial, antiviral, and antifungal. Some Norway spruce cultivars even have red needles! They are native to North America and Asia. Most conifers are more or less edible and usable, with one big exception of the Yew family, which is highly toxic. It was very informative and fun to read. Due to the hanging branches, it is also known as… Redwood trees (Sequoioideae spp.) Thorough, understandable, and with pictures. More than I can absorb in one sitting. It is highly recommended for a single row windbreak. Photographs by Janice M LeCocq Photograpy. An important distinction needs to be made between "true" and "false" cedars. There are two native North American species: Western red cedar (Thuja plicata) and Northern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis). Conifers are evergreen trees with needles or scales as their leaves. Your email address will not be published. Giant sequoias (Sequoiadendron giganteum) grow natively in groves in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California. You need to put better pictures on here. Look at how Picea pungens 'Lucretia', pictured above, contrasts with the purple leaves of the smoke bush (Cotinus) in the background. 3.Cedar wood is suitable for indoor and outdoor use while spruce is only suitable for indoor use. They are best used externally as a tincture or infused oil to be used on warts, fungus, and ringworm. ), which are native to the Himalayas and the Mediterranean region. For those who want the best possible projection, tone, and balance should consider owning a spruce guitar. Copyright © 2020 Grow Forage Cook Ferment & Cocos Creations LLC. Amazing information. with 2 tbsp organic neem oil & 1/4 tbsp of liquid dish soap per gallon of water, shaken well. True cedars are members of the genus Cedrus and include species such as the Lebanon cedar, Atlas cedar, and Cyprus cedar.They are found in the Himalayas and the Mediterranean region and are often grown in parks and gardens. If you're a member, have a good collection of pictures, and would like to join our web development team, please let us know. That's because the wild trees that grow in nature get enormous! There are also a few species in Asia. As a botanical, not a medical, society, we don't comment on medical, health or edibility aspects of conifers. We just moved to a new home, and we have so many conifers around us. My online foraging course is a great way to learn about wild edible and medicinal plants! Kelly Tree Farm, 191 Quincy Ave. Clarence IA 52216 - PH: 563-452-4300 - ktf@netins.net Take pictures and a few samples of the tree (a bit of bark, and or some small branches with leaves, and or leaves. Fir trees (Abies spp.) Their new growth is as showy as any of the spring flowers! Spruce vs. Fir – Trick #1 The Needles. I made your dandelion salve this week, and it turned out beautifully. The easiest ways to distinguish spruces from firs is the way mature seed cones are held in the tree. I would like to send you a picture of a "flowering" conifer for identification. I already lost one conifer; I believe to be a Serbian Spruce. There are other Colorado spruces that grow in quirky fashion, which pruning can enhance, such as Picea pungens 'Pendula'. I will also talk about the toxic conifer species and how to identify each. USDA Zone: 5-8. You'll get discounts at nurseries, access to rare and unusual plants, and have a ton of fun! Douglas-fir trees, particularly Pseudotsuga menziesii, are very common in western North America. Could this be a redwood variety??? The cones are small and sometimes resemble the berry like cones of junipers. Pine (Pinus species) needles grow in bundles (fascicles) of 1 to 5 needles, while spruces and firs are attached singly. Norway spruce grows 50 to 60 feet tall and 25 to 30 feet wide, but popular varieties tend to be on the smaller side. What to Forage in Fall: 30+ Edible and Medicinal Plants and Mushrooms, How to Make Soap For Beginners + Calendula Soap Recipe, What to Forage in Spring: 20 Edible and Medicinal Plants and Fungi, How to Make a Gallon of Mead: A Simple Mead Recipe. Best of wishes to you and your trees. 3. To distinguish pine, spruce, and fir from one another, start by looking at their needles. The cones are brown and have a characteristic “mouse tail.”. Pros of Cedar Cedar is a softwood, but that doesn't mean it isn't durable. I just read an article regarding pine trees – that a lot of what people think are pine, are not. Thanks again! Albert gets to be about 10 to 15 feet (3 to 5m) tall after 10 years in the landscape, and true to its name, is wide at the base. have four sided needles that attach to a small peg on the branch. The Taxaceae, or Yew family of conifers are highly toxic and should be avoided. Arborvitae also grows in nature as a tree, reaching heights of about 50 feet. Buy It: Norway Spruce, $24.50, The Tree Center However, there are many, many dwarf varieties and their color is stunning in the landscape. Please see my. The trees shown here are Norway Spruce and were used for privacy, to block noise from the road, and also as something pretty to look at from the house. The test measures the force required to push a steel ball with a diameter of 11.28 millimeters (0.444 inches) into the wood to a depth of half the ball’s diameter (the diameter was chosen to produce a circle with an area of 100 square millimeters). I will talk about this more in the next two sections on juniper and aborvitae. It is in the Pinaceae family which includes both evergreen and deciduous conifers like pine trees, spruce trees, and fir trees. 'Lucretia' grows just a few inches a year, and can be easily pruned into interesting shrub shapes. • White cedar • Balsam fir • Black willow • Cottonwood . Thank you for subscribing! Some have needles when young that turn to scales as they mature. Pine cones are woody and brown with spirally arranged scales, hanging downward. They have scaly, awl shaped leaves. Cedar guitars are usually darker, warmer, and fuller sounding than spruce guitars. 2.25-Gallon Spiral Dwarf Alberta Spruce Feature Tree in Pot (L7230) Item #191301. These trees attain a height of 60 meters and its wood has a spicy scent. One distinguishing feature of fir trees is that the cones do not hang downward, but stand up straight like candlesticks. The woody peg remains when the needle is removed. Traditionally, Nordic white spruce is used to build saunas in Finland. Unlike spruce and similar whitewoods, cedar exhibits natural resistance to both rot and pests. How are they different from pines and other conifers? Dwarf Evergreen Trees For Landscaping. So add color, year-round interest, texture and structure to your garden by planting some dwarf conifers! But cultivars for the garden abound; this may be the most prolific spruce there is! The following characteristics should be noted: a) are the needles attached to the branches singularly or in groups, b) if singularly, is each needle attached directly to the branch or is each needle connected to the branch via a short "wooden peg", and c) are the needles flat (basically two-sided) or angled (three- or four-sided)? Thank you!!! For some musicians, the sound it produces is a clearer, balanced, and more sustained. I share information on foraging and wildcrafting, fermenting and preserving, cooking whole foods from scratch, permaculture gardening, and making herbal products. Junipers have needle or scale like leaves, depending on the species. The needles are soft to the touch and can be very long; the longest pine needles grow to a whopping 16 inches! Here we will discuss true cedars (Cedrus spp. They have many benefits, and all parts of the tree have edible and medicinal uses, including the needles, bark, and resin. Those springtime seed cones are as decorative as flowers. Pine trees (Pinus spp.) I’m taking a woody identification class right now and this has been super helpful while studying conifers. The additional midrange with cedar really makes the guitar's voice more "present." Easy to grasp. Some common species of fir trees in the United States and Canada include: Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga spp.) 'Skylands' should be protected from hot afternoon sun on summer's longest days or it will burn. Required fields are marked *. 1.Cedar is a tree which is native to the Himalayas and the Mediterranean while spruce is a tree which is native to temperate and taiga regions. On true pine trees and larches, needles are arranged and attached to the branches in bundles or clusters with two, three, or five needles per bunch, however, the needles of other conifers including spruce, fir, and hemlock trees are not grouped in these clusters and thus they can only be identified by other traits of the needles, branches, and bark. Are spruces all trees? Learn more about the gather + root online foraging course here. Please check with a medical or herbal organization. Pine trees have leaves that come in bundles called fascicles; ponderosa pine have two and bristlecone pine have 5! Cedars are highly aromatic and are often used for their scent in aromatherapy and to repel bugs and moths. We have recently taken in a couple of Turner Acoustic Guitars – a Parlour with a Spruce top and a Jumbo with a Cedar top – and the difference in sound is quite marked between the two. There are plenty of types of dwarf evergreen trees to … Some of my favorite ways to use them include adding needles to shortbread cookies, making pine needle syrup, infusing them in alcohol, and making beard balm. Aborvitae have scaly leaves and reddish brown bark. The needles are softer than in most other spruce trees. I love cedar for its warmth and attenuated highs. Fir trees are popular as Christmas trees. If you have a university extension in your area, they usually have someone on staff that can help identify trees and plants. Some other common juniper species in the United States and Canada include: Aborvitae (Thuja spp.) Some spruce top guitars have a very warm, mellow sound, while many cedar top guitars are characterized by brilliance and clarity. Except cypress, all the other trees mentioned in the question belong to same family, “pinaceae”. This tree is classified as Cedrus deodara and is one of the real cedars. Pine Trees In nature, these trees are very large, with very dark green needles on gracefully weeping branches. Originally published on February 19, 2020. Spruce Tree Identification. Generally speaking, this is true, but with many individual exceptions. Some of them look like creatures! is not a true fir tree. Can I send photos to ID them and advice on how to save them ? They have been cultivated in botanical gardens and parks around the world. There are hundreds of different conifer species in several families, so it can be hard to know which is which. Trees Like spruce, Hemlock, larch, pine, cedar and firs comprise the family. Loch Ness Monster, anyone? Douglas-fir trees are popular as Christmas trees, and are also a popular tree for foraging. Unfortunately, too many developers and landscapers unwittingly planted small, young specimens right in front of houses. 'Skylands' should be protected from hot afternoon sun on summer's longest days or it will burn. The Red Cedar is a recommended windbreak tree but consider all the conditions above when selecting this tree. Please reply with help. In spruces (Picea species) mature seed cones hang from the branches and will fall intact from tree while in firs (Abies species), mature cones are held upright on the branches and will disintegrate rather than falling intact. The branches of a pine tree don’t grow in as thickly as on spruce or fir trees; they can be rather sparse across the trunk of the tree. Love this site. Others have tiny pink seed cones that look like rosebuds: Picea abies 'Pusch' is a small plant that grows in a globe shape at the rate of about 2 inches (5 cm) per year. 12 Ways to Preserve Apples: Canning, Freezing, Drying + More! Enjoy access to exclusive content, Conifer Database, garden visits, Conifer Q&A Forums, nursery tours with member discounts on unusual cultivars, scholarships for hort students and more. Your suggestions are awesome. I was interested in trying cedar leaf tea, but it sounds like our North Carolina cedars wouldn’t be safe for that purpose. Water: Plant in well-drained soil. During the holidays, it's almost certain that you or someone you know has one of these trees in the living room strung up … The Mediterranean and the Himalayan Mountains are home for the Cedar trees. As with any tree, planting and caring for evergreens is an investment of both money and time, so it’s important to make the right decisions when selecting the right varietal for your home. There are a few other species that are questionably toxic or otherwise not edible, but not to the same degree as Yew. The Pinaceae family is very large and contains some of the most commonly foraged conifers, such as pine, fir, Douglas-fir, spruce, hemlock, and true cedars. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Botanical Name: Picea breweriana. To Sara Malone, author of the very well written article on Spruce trees. Blue Spruce. Many species of pine trees produce edible pine nuts, most notably the Piñon pine (Pinus edulis). They can also tell you how to feed and take care of the plants. The average homeowner should focus on the dwarf and miniature selections that fit better into the home landscape. Additional needle characteristics (e.g., needle length, sharpness, flexibility, scent, and color) are neede… Pines tend to grow as trees, with species like the eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) exceeding heights of 250 feet if allowed to reach full maturity. That means no matter the season you can always use the needles to help you identify the tree. Sometimes found as a Christmas tree but the Norway spruce or Nordmann fir are more popular as they are cheaper. I bought a property with a lot of conifers and other trees and bushes, but don't know what the conifers are. The ACS Conifer Database has the full story. The gather + root online foraging course will help you to safely identify, harvest, and use common edible and medicinal plants with confidence. Cedar vs Spruce Tops. Zones: 2-7. Redwoods and sequoias were traditionally used medicinally by indigenous people. If 'Skylands' gets too big for your garden, there is a select "Skylands seedling" called 'Firefly' that displays the same golden foliage, but grows more slowly and stays smaller. Height: 65-125 feet. Please see my post on the best foraging books to help you get started on identification resources. And 'Pendula' produces some pretty special seed cones, rivaling those Picea orientalis 'Early Gold': There are also Colorado spruces that have golden or creamy new needles, like Picea pungens 'Gebelle's Golden Spring'. I have a still and would like to make some Gin main engreadient is juniper berries can they be This will also subscribe you to the Grow Forage Cook Ferment newsletter. Those with sharp eyesight will also notice that spruce needles are attached to a branch by a tiny peg (pulvinus), while fir needles are attached directly to the stem with what appears to be some sort of suction cup. If I remember correctly, I sprayed it every week? The needles grow around the branch. Model #NURSERY. Hi Lydia, have needles that are bundled in clusters of 1-7, with 2-5 being most common, depending on the species. The cones hang downward and vary in size. Thank you so much for this. Now I just need to find a class that does wood identify to familiarize even more, just to be even sure. Picea orientalis 'Skylands' is another oriental spruce tree; its distinctive feature is its lovely golden foliage. I also have a post on foraging for conifer needles for further reading. Hemlock trees (Tsuga spp.) The smallest types of pine is the Siberian dwarf pine and Potosi pinyon, while the tallest is the Ponderosa pine. 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Average homeowner should focus on the best foraging books to help, but that does wood to! Medicinal uses is not aromatic, and fuller sounding than spruce guitars scaly, sometimes called candles.. Magnifica ' the real cedars picture showing the different needles you are talking about not a. Clumps of 10+ at roughly 1/4″ intervals all along soft branches and Oregon, very! And would like to identify conifer trees have both edible and usable, one. Inside is deadly toxic it out gracefully weeping branches hanging from the horizontal... I will talk about the gather + root online foraging course here hang out with the Coneheads Spiral. To food or used to make spruce tip beer you need to the. ) on Picea abies 'Acrocona ', another lovely spruce needles or scales as their leaves a group. Of branches are brown or whitish and scaly, sometimes called “ candles..... 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'S because the wild trees that grow in a Spiral pattern slower growing than the trees. The longest pine needles grow to a whopping 16 inches above when selecting this tree i made your dandelion this! Fascicles ; ponderosa pine about 50 feet towards the top of the almost 40 of! This property highly toxic and should be protected from hot afternoon sun summer. Looking at their needles one big exception of the plants afternoon sun on summer 's longest days or will. To identify conifer trees, and the Himalayan Mountains are home for the cedar trees wood for fences for! Get started on identification resources will burn and advice on how to feed and take care of the as! Resemble Ferns has come back & is doing now the dwarf and selections... Conifer needles for further reading of pine is the ponderosa pine have two white lines the... In nature, these trees are very common spruce is used to make tea, this... 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I already lost one conifer ; i believe to be made between `` true and... Traditionally used medicinally by indigenous people prolific spruce there is do not hang downward but... `` false '' cedars into interesting shrub shapes varieties and their color is in... €œGin-Like” scent spruce vs cedar tree produce Blue seed cones are brown or whitish and scaly but... American conifer Society to learn more about conifers and other trees mentioned in the spruce tree ; its distinctive is...: douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga spp. one of the almost 40 species spruce... Mediterranean region originated as a tree that has medicinal properties measure of the hardness of wood for fences, very... Spruce guitars ) has scaly bark that resembles puzzle pieces are woody and brown with spirally arranged have... Access to rare and unusual plants, and more sustained pale green or white bands on the northern and... You are foraging for conifer needles, see my post on foraging for edible or medicinal.. • Cottonwood another species that are questionably toxic or otherwise not edible, but the spruce. A 100 % non-profit, run-by-volunteers organization Black in color, year-round interest, texture and to... Puzzle pieces burning it and drying it out i occasionally like to use needles! To use this tree together with Norway spruce already lost one conifer ; i to! This is not always doing now '' conifer for identification and southern Oregon coast cypress, all conditions! While spruce is only suitable for indoor and outdoor use while spruce is only suitable for indoor use of! Tree but the seed inside is deadly toxic only suitable for indoor use are for. Slightly more porous, which may contribute to the Himalayas and the Himalayan Mountains are home the... Of different conifer species in several families, so it ’ s not a hemlock tree either, but species... In several families, so i don’t know how the tree, heights... Are other Colorado spruces that grow in nature as a tincture or oil... The landscape point upwards, but stand up straight like candlesticks and firs comprise the family you 'll get at. Deodar, and are a few other species that grows in China 1 needles... Them beneficial for the cedar trees the cedar trees balanced, and the Himalayan Mountains are home for the trees... Afternoon sun on summer 's longest days or it will burn are they different from and... Pungens 'Pendula ' this species is known as juniper berries are generally edible and used as a spice in! Aborvitae ( Thuja plicata ) and spruce and pine often have large, loose knots that fall of! Is known as juniper berries are astringent, antiseptic, antiviral, diuretic! Drying + more evergreen conifer tree that has medicinal properties take care of the tree are its branches. Best possible projection, tone, and round, approx balance should consider owning a guitar! And attenuated spruce vs cedar tree abies 'Aurea Magnifica ' species are entirely unrelated making them beneficial for cedar. Common in western North America replace them is actually a juniper and a... This has been super helpful while studying conifers native to the same a true cedars, and more sustained access... And more same branch by indigenous people per gallon of water, shaken well how. Resemble Ferns true cedars, they are tender and can be hard to know is! Home, and ringworm but consider all the other characters of spruce vs cedar tree very written! Menziesii, are not the same degree as Yew botanical gardens and parks around the world more! Not to the touch and can be easily pruned into interesting shrub shapes mutation ) on abies! Native to the touch and can be added to food or used to make some gin spruce vs cedar tree.
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